If police can see something illegal in the car, then they have probable cause. This is one lawful means of performing a search without the need to get a warrant from a judge first.

Police need a warrant and probable cause to do either.

The suspects stand in a line, in front of an assigned number, and cannot see the victim, but the victim can see them.

Only when it’s a stranger do we need to line up similar looking people.

A drug test also includes detecting prescription substances that are not prescribed to the person being tested.

If a potential employee or student tests positive for drugs, there is a higher chance that this person will steal or be violent.

Generally, people get tested for drugs in a pre-employment screening or at a hospital, or even in a jail. As long as they do not have drugs on them, there is no way to prove that the drugs were taken intentionally.

A pregnant woman in labor who tests positive for cocaine will most likely give birth to a child with severe birth defects caused by the cocaine usage. She will be investigated for drug possession, child neglect and endangerment, and probably have her baby taken from her.

The court considered the policeman’s experience with crime to support his suspicion.

Reasonable suspicion is a lower standard than probable cause and less justification is necessary.

Sometimes it is legal for police to stop someone of a different race or who drives, say, a really nice car in an area where older cars are the standard. This is only sometimes allowed when a crime was committed and race was used to describe the person, or in the case of an automobile, a certain type of vehicle is not usually present in a particular neighborhood.